Diabetes and Your Feet: What You Don’t Know Will Hurt You

immune system. This can affect the feet in particular due to peripheral artery disease (lack of circulation) and peripheral neuropathy (loss of feeling).

As a result of diabetes, the feet may become susceptible to a slew of problems, such as ulcers and wounds that do not heal properly, fungal infections, ingrown or brittle toenails, corns, calluses, hammertoes, athlete’s foot, and cracked or dry skin. Gangrene, or dead tissue, can develop, causing bacterial infections that may result in amputation of the affected areas. Even everyday activities such as walking can cause issues in the feet of a diabetic, as the bones, joints, and skin are affected by the condition.

For the diabetic, proper and thorough foot care is imperative. Diabetics should check their feet daily for early detection of foot problems or injuries.

Here are proper foot care suggestions for diabetics to follow:

• Keep feet clean, warm, and dry (thoroughly dry between toes)
• Wear comfortable shoes and do not wear the same pair every day (look for roomy toe boxes, leather uppers, and shoes that do not pinch, rub, or cause pressure; avoid stiff shoes and gradually break-in new footwear)
• Always wear clean, dry socks without tears or irritating seams (thin cotton is absorbent and helps keep feet dry)
• Do not leave feet exposed or unprotected (sleep in loose socks; do not wear flip flops or sandals; do not go barefoot)
• Never expose feet to heat or high water temperatures (burns can occur due to loss of feeling)
• Maintain better foot circulation (do not smoke; avoid stockings or socks with tight elastic bands; do not cross feet or legs when sitting)
• Treat the feet gently (pat dry; avoid cutting or tearing the skin)
• Carefully shape toenails straight across with an emery board (avoid ingrown toenails) if you have feeling in your feet
• Do not use over-the-counter foot products such as antiseptic solutions, plasters, tapes, or anything sticky (they can damage the skin and lead to wounds)
• Use moisturizer to keep skin supple (do not leave excess moisturizer between toes)
• Do not treat corns or calluses at home by self-removal with sharp instruments or perform “bathroom surgery”; see a doctor for care

It is important that diabetics seek podiatric care on a regular basis to prevent foot problems that can easily get out of control. A podiatrist will ensure proper foot care, from maintenance to the treatment of any developing problems. Any foot problem should be immediately addressed in a diabetic to avoid serious complications.

Citations:
1. https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2017/p0718-diabetes-report.html
2. https://www.livescience.com/10195-1-3-americans-diabetes-2050-cdc.html

Dr. Monique Renee Rolle, DPM, MEd, AACFAS is an Associate of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons, member of the American Diabetes Association, Virginia Podiatric Medical Association, American Podiatric Medical Association, & Owner/Podiatrist of Lansdowne Podiatry with locations in Leesburg, VA and on Capitol Hill. She is also an entrepreneur with her own foot product line, Dr. Mo’s Products. You can follow her on social media @drmrolle, @doctormosproducts, www.facebook.com/LansdownePodiatry.